Pediatric Fluid Rate Calculator

Holliday-Segar Formula:

\[ Rate = \frac{(4 \times \min(Weight, 10) + 2 \times \max(0, \min(Weight-10, 10)) + 1 \times \max(0, Weight-20))}{24} \]

Fluid Rate:

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1. What is the Holliday-Segar Formula?

The Holliday-Segar formula calculates maintenance fluid requirements for pediatric patients based on body weight. It's the standard method for determining appropriate intravenous fluid rates in children.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

\[ Rate = \frac{(4 \times \min(Weight, 10) + 2 \times \max(0, \min(Weight-10, 10)) + 1 \times \max(0, Weight-20))}{24} \]

Where:

First 10 kg: 4 mL/kg/day
Next 10 kg (11-20 kg): 2 mL/kg/day
Weight above 20 kg: 1 mL/kg/day
Divided by 24 to get hourly rate

Explanation: The formula accounts for decreasing metabolic demands per kilogram as children grow larger.

3. Importance of Pediatric Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate fluid calculation is critical in pediatrics to prevent both dehydration and fluid overload, which can be particularly dangerous in small children.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter weight in kilograms. The calculator automatically applies the appropriate formula based on the weight entered.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When should maintenance fluids be adjusted?
A: Adjust for fever (add 12% per °C above 38°C), GI losses, renal failure, CHF, or SIADH.

Q2: What fluid type is typically used?
A: D5 1/4NS with 20 mEq KCl/L is common, but choice depends on clinical situation.

Q3: How does this differ from adult calculations?
A: Adults typically use 25-30 mL/kg/day, while pediatric calculations are weight-tiered.

Q4: What about neonates?
A: Neonates have different requirements (typically 60-80 mL/kg/day for term infants).

Q5: When is this formula not appropriate?
A: Not for resuscitation, burns, or patients with significant ongoing losses - these require additional replacement fluids.