1. What is the Rule of Nines?

The Rule of Nines is a method used to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns. It divides the body into sections that represent 9% or multiples of 9% of the total body surface area, making it easy to calculate the extent of burns quickly in emergency situations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Rule of Nines formula:

Where each body part represents:

• Head: 9% (front and back)
• Each arm: 9% (4.5% front, 4.5% back)
• Each leg: 18% (9% front, 9% back)
• Front torso: 18%
• Back torso: 18%
• Genitals: 1%

Explanation: The percentages are based on the proportion of total body surface area that each body part represents in adults.

3. Importance of TBSA Calculation

Details: Accurate TBSA calculation is crucial for determining fluid resuscitation needs, prognosis, and treatment decisions in burn patients. Burns covering more than 20% TBSA typically require intravenous fluid resuscitation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the percentage burned for each body region. The calculator sums these values to give total body surface area burned. For partial burns, estimate the percentage of each area affected (e.g., if half of the front torso is burned, enter 9%).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is the Rule of Nines accurate for all patients?
A: It's most accurate for adults. Children have different body proportions (larger heads, smaller legs), so modified versions like the Lund-Browder chart are used for pediatric patients.

Q2: What about burns on the palms?
A: The palm (including fingers) represents about 1% of TBSA and can be used to estimate scattered small burns.

Q3: How does TBSA affect treatment?
A: Major burns (>20% TBSA in adults) require IV fluids using formulas like Parkland. Burns >40% TBSA have significantly higher mortality.

Q4: Are there limitations to this method?
A: It's less accurate for obese patients and doesn't account for burn depth (superficial vs. full thickness). It's primarily for initial estimation.

Q5: How is this different from the Wallace Rule of Nines?
A: This is the Wallace Rule of Nines - the terms are often used interchangeably. Some sources call it simply "Rule of Nines."