1. What is the Rule of Nines?

The Rule of Nines is a method used to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns. It divides the body into sections that represent approximately 9% or multiples of 9% of the total body surface.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Rule of Nines formula:

Where:

• Head — 9% of TBSA
• Each Arm — 9% of TBSA
• Each Leg — 18% of TBSA
• Front Torso — 18% of TBSA
• Back Torso — 18% of TBSA
• Genitals — 1% of TBSA

Explanation: The percentages are added together based on which body regions are affected by burns.

3. Importance of TBSA Calculation

Details: Accurate TBSA estimation is crucial for determining fluid resuscitation needs, prognosis, and treatment planning for burn patients.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Check all body areas that have burns. The calculator will sum the percentages automatically. For partial burns of a region, clinical judgment is needed to estimate the percentage affected.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How accurate is the Rule of Nines?
A: It provides a quick estimate but may be less accurate for children or obese patients. The Lund-Browder chart is more precise but more complex.

Q2: What about burns that don't cover a whole region?
A: For partial burns, estimate the percentage of each region affected (e.g., half of one leg = 9%).

Q3: Does this apply to children?
A: Children have different proportions (larger head, smaller legs), so pediatric adjustments are needed.

Q4: What's considered a major burn?
A: Generally burns >20% TBSA in adults or >10% in children/elderly, or burns involving critical areas.

Q5: How does this affect fluid resuscitation?
A: The Parkland formula uses TBSA to calculate fluid requirements (4mL × %TBSA × weight in kg).