1. What is the Rule of Nines?

The Rule of Nines is a method used to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns. It divides the body into sections that represent 9% or multiples of 9% of the total body surface.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Rule of Nines formula:

Where:

• Head — 9% of TBSA
• Each Arm — 9% of TBSA
• Each Leg — 18% of TBSA
• Front Torso — 18% of TBSA
• Back Torso — 18% of TBSA
• Genitals — 1% of TBSA

Explanation: The percentages are based on the proportion of body surface area each body part represents in adults.

3. Importance of %TBSA Calculation

Details: Accurate TBSA estimation is crucial for determining burn severity, guiding fluid resuscitation, and making decisions about patient transfer to burn centers.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the percentage burned for each body region. The calculator will sum all values to give total body surface area affected.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is the Rule of Nines different for children?
A: Yes, children have different proportions (e.g., head represents larger percentage). Use Lund-Browder chart for pediatric patients.

Q2: What constitutes a major burn?
A: Generally burns >20% TBSA in adults or >10% in children, or burns involving face, hands, feet, or perineum.

Q3: How accurate is the Rule of Nines?
A: It provides a quick estimate but may be less accurate for scattered burns. Palmar method (patient's palm = 1%) can supplement.

Q4: When should burn patients be referred?
A: Refer to burn centers for partial thickness burns >10% TBSA, full thickness burns, electrical/chemical burns, or inhalation injury.

Q5: How does %TBSA affect fluid resuscitation?
A: Parkland formula uses %TBSA to calculate fluid requirements (4 mL × %TBSA × weight in kg, half in first 8 hours).